Shelyug, A.; Pauna, H.; Springer, H.; Souza Filho, I. R.: Puppet Strings of Hydrogen Plasma Reduction of Iron Ores: The Impact of Process Parameters on Plasma Properties and Reduction Kinetics. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 56 (5), pp. 5232 - 5245 (2025)
Pauna, H.; Souza Filho, I. R.; Kulse, M.; Jovičević-Klug, M.; Springer, H.; Huttula, M.; Fabritius, T.; Raabe, D.: In Situ Observation of Sustainable Hematite-Magnetite-Wustite-Iron Hydrogen Plasma Reduction. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 56 (4), pp. 3938 - 3949 (2025)
Pauna, H.; Ernst, D.; Zarl, M.; Souza Filho, I. R.; Kulse, M.; Büyükuslu, Ö.; Jovičević-Klug, M.; Springer, H.; Huttula, M.; Schenk, J.et al.; Fabritius, T.; Raabe, D.: The Optical Spectra of Hydrogen Plasma Smelting Reduction of Iron Ore: Application and Requirements. Steel Research International 95 (8), 2400028 (2024)
Sandim, M. J. R.; Nagamine, L. C. M.; Kwiatkowski da Silva, A.; Aota, L. S.; Han, L.; Cohen, R.; Zschommler Sandim, H. R.; Gault, B.; Souza Filho, I. R.: Anomalous magnetization induced by local chemistry fluctuations in Mn-containing a'-martensite. Acta Materialia 272, 119956 (2024)
Springer, H.; Souza Filho, I. R.; Choisez, L.; Zarl, M. A.; Quick, C.; Horn, A.; Schenk, J.: Iron ore wires as consumable electrodes for the hydrogen plasma smelting reduction in future green steel production. Sustainable Materials and Technologies 39, e00785 (2024)
Rodrigues Souza Filho, I.; Knabl, W.; Kestler, H.; Ricardo Zschommler Sandim, H.: Strain-rate effects on the recrystallization of molybdenum-based MZ17 alloy. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 112, 106124 (2023)
If manganese nodules can be mined in an environmentally friendly way, the critical metals needed for the energy transition could be produced with low CO2 emissions
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials have developed a carbon-free, energy-saving method to extract nickel for batteries, magnets and stainless steel.
Max Planck scientists design a process that merges metal extraction, alloying and processing into one single, eco-friendly step. Their results are now published in the journal Nature.