Ratzker, B.; Ruffino, M.; Shankar, S.; Raabe, D.; Ma, Y.: Elucidating the microstructure evolution during hydrogen-based direct reduction via a case study of single crystal hematite. Acta Materialia 294, 121174 (2025)
If manganese nodules can be mined in an environmentally friendly way, the critical metals needed for the energy transition could be produced with low CO2 emissions
Max Planck scientists design a process that merges metal extraction, alloying and processing into one single, eco-friendly step. Their results are now published in the journal Nature.